What is the primary survey's first step in emergency assessment?

The first step in the primary survey during an emergency assessment is assessing the scene for safety. This crucial step ensures that the environment is safe for both the responder and the victims. Before approaching the individuals in need of assistance, confirming that there are no hazards present—such as traffic, fire, or unstable structures—protects the responder from becoming another victim while trying to help.

This initial safety assessment allows responders to then check on the victims and provide assistance without the concern of additional dangers arising. Ensuring safety also helps to create a controlled environment where emergency services can be effectively called if necessary, and first aid can be administered safely. Prioritizing scene safety reflects the principle that responders must first secure their own safety before they can successfully aid others.