Which term describes a quantity that is one part of a hundred?

The term that accurately describes a quantity that is one part of a hundred is "hundredths." This term is specifically used in decimal notation to signify fractions where the denominator is 100. When we express a number in hundredths, we are indicating that the number is divided into 100 equal parts, and each part is one hundredth of the whole. For example, 0.01 is equivalent to one hundredth.

In contrast, ten-thousandths refers to one part of ten thousand, thousandths represents one part of a thousand, and whole numbers encompass all positive integers without any fractional or decimal components. Thus, those other terms do not accurately define the quantity described in the question.